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About This Item
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In 1974, as a newly minted Ph.D. and employed as a mechanical engineering faculty member, the author's dean ask him to design a solar house to be located on the state fair grounds. That started an intensive 10 year solar effort that included a major action oriented effort funded by the US Federal Government entitled the "National Solar Water Heater Workshop" (NSWHW) program[1]. That work resulted in solar thermal domestic water heaters in much of the US built and installed by homeowners. This paper addresses the activities leading up to the NSWHW program, its implementation, and the performance primarily of one of those systems installed and continuously operating in central PA since 1984.
The lessons learned may be important since domestic water heating (DWH), which was accomplished in this case via solar thermal, accounts for 13% of the average US residential energy consumption[2]. The largest average residential energy consumer is space heating at 25%, also a fine application for solar thermal, be it active or passive. To date, space cooling, representing 13% of the average annual energy consumption, is technically possible but economically challenged. Lighting and minor electrical appliances do account for about 36% of the average annual residential energy consumption, justifying societies current PV thrust. None the less, the relatively steady year around need for DWH makes this second most intensive energy user a prime application for solar.