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About This Item
Full Description
1.2 Detection limits, sensitivity, and optimum ranges of the elements will vary with the various makes and models of satisfactory atomic absorption spectrometers. The actual concentration ranges measurable by direct aspiration are given in the specific test method for each element of interest. In the majority of instances the concentration range may be extended lower by use of electrothermal atomization and conversely extended upwards by using a less sensitive wavelength or rotating the burner head. Detection limits by direct aspiration may also be extended through sample concentration, solvent extraction techniques, or both. Where direct aspiration atomic absorption techniques do not provide adequate sensitivity, the analyst is referred to Practice D3919 or specialized procedures such as the gaseous hydride method for arsenic (Test Methods D2972) and selenium (Test Methods D3859), and the cold vapor technique for mercury (Test Method D3223).
1.3 Because of the differences among various makes and models of satisfactory instruments, no detailed operating instructions can be provided. Instead the analyst should follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of a particular instrument.
1.4 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 9.
Document History
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ASTM D4691-17
Standard Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry- Most Recent
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ASTM D4691-11
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Standard Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry- Historical Version
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ASTM D4691-02(2007)
Standard Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry- Historical Version
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ASTM D4691-02
Standard Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry- Historical Version
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ASTM D4691-96
Standard Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry- Historical Version