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This paper presents the feasibility of two techniques, Pressure Decay (PD) and Diffusive Air Flow (DAF), for directly monitoring microfiltration (MF) membrane integrity at actual drinking water conditions. In this study, MF membranes were intentionally compromised at various degrees and the sensitivity of PD and DAF tests were evaluated under various operating conditions. Primary operating conditions varied including transmembrane pressure and state of fouling of the membrane. In addition, microbial challenge studies, using various pathogens such as Cryptosporidium and Coliform, are currently being conducted to develop a correlation between microbial removal efficiency and membrane integrity test results. Includes 3 references, figures.