AWWA JAW11040
Journal AWWA - Temperature and Ionic Strength Corrections to the Langelier Index -- Revisited
Journal Article by American Water Works Association , 08/01/1984
Schock, Michael R.
Most Recent
Most Recent
Language:
-
-
Available Formats
- Options
- Availability
- Priced From ( in USD )
-
Available Formats
-
- Secure PDF 🔒
- Immediate download
- $30.00
- Add to Cart
-
- Printed Edition
- Ships in 1-2 business days
- $30.00
- Add to Cart
Customers Who Bought This Also Bought
-
AWWA JAW11034
Priced From $30.00 -
AWWA JAW11035
Priced From $30.00 -
AWWA JAW11036
Priced From $30.00 -
AWWA JAW11037
Priced From $30.00
About This Item
Full Description
The saturation state of calcium carbonate in water has been determined for years by use of the Langelier Index. The US Environmental Protection Agency today specifies its use by water suppliers. Yet the 40-year-old chemistry that fostered popular, simplified versions of the index has undergone substantial evolution. Correction factors for temperature and ionic strength can be updated with data from activity coefficient and calcium carbonate research. Calculations presented here show wide discrepancies between temperature correction factors derived from initial and more recent research on calcium carbonate solubility. They are most pronounced in the temperature range of primary concern in potable water supplies. Includes 16 references, tables, figures.
