AWWA JAW37611

Stage 1 of the Disinfectants-Disinfection By-Products Rule specifies a maximum contaminant level of 10 ug/L for bromate ion, a byproduct of the ozonation of natural water containing bromide ion. Several options for removing bromate after its formation are evaluated: reduction with ferrous iron (Fe2+), reduction on the surface of activated carbon, ultraviolet irradiation, and high-energy electron beam irradiation. For all the processes, bromide was found in the treated water, which indicates that the dominating mechanism of bromate removal is chemical reduction. If Fe2+ is introduced after preozonation, it may function both as a reducing agent for bromate and as a coagualnt for dissolved organic carbon removal. Includes 28 references, tables, figures.