AWWA QTC97102

Recent and ongoing research has shown that ozone is the most effective disinfectant for Cryptosporidium inactivation. However, because no guidelines are currently available from regulatory agencies, the challenge for proactive utilities is to develop an adequate disinfection goal for Cryptosporidium oocysts and to define disinfection procedures for a given level of inactivation. In an effort to identify cost effective measures to mitigate the health risks associated with Cryptosporidium at utilities along Lake Michigan, an evaluation of ozone and membrane technologies was initiated. The goal of the investigation was to evaluate the feasibility and cost effectiveness of these two technologies as well as to provide cost estimates for use in making process decisions for anticipated expansions and modifications to two treatment plants. This paper discusses the results of the investigation of the ozone treatment process.