AWWA ACE95121

This paper discusses the basis for the relative earthquake vulnerability of water pipeline systems and is important and timely considering the Northridge and Kobe earthquakes. This paper provides a more in depth background of pipeline failure modes than other similar publications. Pipeline systems include those for which AWWA has a current standard, and older pipeline systems that have large installed inventories in the United States. Earthquake pipeline damage mechanisms are described, and the ability of each pipeline system to resist those damage mechanisms is discussed. Pipeline vulnerability is related to pipe material and joint type. Pipeline systems are suggested for use in different geologic settings. The paper also suggests improvements that might be made to piping systems to improve their earthquake performance.