AWWA JAW6718

Pilot studies of ion exchange, lime softening, and chemical precipitation-direct filtration were undertaken in a test well in northern Illinois to determine the effectiveness of each technique in removing barium from the groundwater. The chemical requirements associated with each treatment technique, design criteria to be used in sizing the physical facilities for each technique, data on the effectiveness and reliability of chemical precipitation-direct filtration, and detailed operation and maintenance costs for implementing each of the treatment systems at the test well are presented. All treatment techniques were effective in removing barium, while the ion exchange system was the most economic. Includes 7 references, tables, figures.