The Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) problem is an important challenge facing major cities in the Midwest, West coast and Northeastern United States. A CSO event occurs when heavy rains overload sewers and municipalities divert excess sewage directly into an open stream or river, to prevent raw sewage from backing up into homes and businesses. CSO events cause water quality and health hazards. Using embedded wireless sensor/actuator smart network technologies combined with Geographical Information System (GIS) software and spatial weather data, can allow for real-time in-situ monitoring and control of environmental monitoring systems at an improved spatial and temporal resolution. The network will convert from a typical "passive" system into a "smart active" system, which can make real time adjustments on the in-line storage minimizing or preventing CSO events. Includes 11 references, figures.