This standard specifies requirements for the protective provisions against the effects of stray currents which result from the operation of d.c. traction systems. It applies to all metallic fixed installations which form a part of the traction system, and also to any other unrelated metallic components located in any position in the earth, which may carry stray currents resulting from the operation of the d.c. railway system. It applies to all new electrification of a d.c. railway system. The principles may also be applied to existing or electrified systems where it is necessary to consider the effects of stray currents. The range of application includes railways; guided mass transportation systems such as: Tramways, elevated and underground railways, trolleybus systems and magnetic levitated systems. It also includes material transportation systems. This standard does not apply to: a) mine traction systems in underground mines; b) cranes, transportable platforms and similar transportation equipment on rails, temporary structures (e.g. exhibition structures) in so far as these are not supplied directly from the contact line system and are not endangered by the traction power supply systems; c) suspended cars; d) funicluar railways and e) maintenance work.