A compilation of a number of previously practiced and newly proposed flue-loss methods of solid-fuel heater efficiency measurement is presented. The methods are theoretically and experimentally (for cases where data are available) compared on the basis of their probably output, chemical energy loss, latent loss, and sensible energy loss. Practical aspects of the methods are also discussed, such as cost, range of applicability, compatibility with emissions measurements, amount of extra information generated, and sensitivities to measurement errors.

Units: I-P