ISO/IEC 29341-8-11:2008(E)is an optional service which includes all IP / layer-3 routing services.However, any such services that are configurable on a per connection instancebasis, will be modeled in the context of the connection service itself. NetworkAddress Translation (NAT) and Realm Specific (RSIP) are examples of suchservices. The series of ISO/IEC 29341 publications defines anarchitecture for pervasive peer-to-peer network connectivity of intelligentappliances, wireless devices and PCs. It is designed to bring easy to use,flexible, standards-based connectivity to ad-hoc or unmanaged networks whetherin the home, in a small business, public spaces or attached to the Internet.